Hot-water and steam heater.



Patented May 28, [90L W. C. HIGGINS. HOT'WATEB AND STEAM HEATER.

(Application filed Sept. 29, 1900. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l.

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Pvatnted llay 28, IBM.

W. C. HIGGINS.

HOT WATER AND 'STEAM HEATER.

(Application filed Sept. 29, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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No. 675,352. I Patented May 28, IBM. w. c. HIGGINS.

HOT WATER AND STEAM HEATER.

(Application filed Sept. 29. i900.

3 Sheets-Shani 3.

(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

\VERTER G. HIGGINS, OF ARLINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

HOT-WATER AND STEAM HEATER.

SPECIFIGATEON forming part of Letters Patent No. 675,352, dated May 28,1901.

Application filed September 29, 1900. Serial No. 31,492. (No model.)

Heaters, of which the following is a f n11, clear,

and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

The invention relates to the herein described improvement in hot-waterand steam heaters.

It comprises a structure which may besaid to have three independentsections, the first of which is the lower part or section embracing afire-pot, combustion-chamber, and a wa: ter-heating boiler of peculiarconstruction, a portion of which is tubular and contained in thecombustion-chamber. or section relates to a combination ofwaterhea'lting chamber and flue which is capable of indefinite extensionand which is combined with the lower and upper sections, as will behereinafter specified. The third part or section relates to awater-heating chamber which surrounds an annularflue, one end of whichis connected through its bottom with the flue of the intermediatesection and the other end of which at its side or top with thesmoke-escape port. The wholevprovides an organization which is verysimple in construction,

' cheap to make, and very effective as a quick and economical hot-wateror steam producer for the purposes of heating.

I will now describe the invention in connection with the drawings,wherein- Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of a heater containingthe features of myinvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectionthereof. Fig. 3 is a view in horizontal section upon the dotted line 3 3of Fig. 2. Fig. 4: is a view in horizontal section upon the dottedline44 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings, A is the lower section or part of the heater. Itcontains the fire-grate a and the combustion-chamber a. It preferably iscylindrical in shape and comprises an integral hollow casting, whichfurnishes, first, the water-chamber B, surrounding the fire-pot andcombustion-chamber upon its sides and upon its top, and, second, thetubes The second part b, which extend from the sides upward and inwardto the central chamber 1). These tubes form passages for the circulationof the water from the sides to the central chamber, and they extendacross the combustion-chamber and as many of them may be used asdesired. The combustion-chamber is connected with the flue no of theintermediate section C by means of anumber of passages 0?, which extendthrough the top of the section A and which preferably are graduated asto size (see drawings) and some of which are arranged over the tubes 1).When the passages-are so graduated, it is preferable that the smallerones be at the rear and the larger onesat the front of the section or sodisposed as to cause a larger part of the prod ucts of combustion topass into the d no at a point opposite the outlet 0 from said line. ThesectionA has a collar or rim (1 on its top plate, surrounding theopening a. This collar or rim is threaded to'receive a threaded sleeve(1, connecting the section A with the collar d of the fiat watershell Din'the flue-space c. This shell is wide and thin and exposes a largewater-heating surface upon its bottom and top to the products ofcombustion which pass through the fiue-space'c. It has a threaded rim orcollar 01 which receives a threaded sleeve or coupling 01 which unitesit to the upper section E. The upper section has a threaded flange orcollar 6, surrounding the opening 6 and which receives the coupling (1and the flue e ,which is contained in the chamber e of the section,

is circular in shape and has a water-passage through'it, therebyrendering it substantially annular, and is practically surrounded by thecontents of the chamber. It has at one end the connection e with theflue c, the connection extending vertically in the section E from theflue-space c to the flue 6 It also has at its other end the flue orpassage a which may extend through the side of the section E, asrepresented in the drawings or through the top and connects the fluewith the escapepipe. The circulation of the wateris through the chambersor cavities of the lower section, the chamber of the heating-shell D,and the chamber of the upper section E to the circulat ing-outlet a,about which is means for attaching a circulating-pipe to the section. Acastmetal or other shell 0 forms the outer wall of the section 0 and isjoined to the lower section 13 and the upper section E in any suitableor convcnient'way. The products of combustion pass from the fire aboutthe tubes 1) against the crown-sheet 0 through the openings a into thedue 0, impinging against the wall of the heating chamber D, and taking acourse across said chamber to the outlet 6 and in relatively largeundivided volume, where they enter as a body of considerable size thelarge annular flue E about which they pass in large volume to theoutlet. There is thus insured provision for carrying the heat inrelatively large volume through the flue of the intermediate section andthrough the line of the upper section, while at the same time it iscaused to take a tortuous course, and the heating-surfaces of thewater-holding chambers thus enlarged and increased. This I consider tobe advantageous, because I apprehend that a better result is obtained bythe conduction of the heat in relatively large volumes past and throughthe water-heating surfaces rather than by causing it to be split intothin layers, from which the heat is quickly extracted.

It will be understood, of course, that the section A is provided withsuitable ash-pit and feed openings and that clean-out holes are arrangedin all sections wherever they may be desirable.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States- 1. The section A having acombustionehamber provided with a series of flues connecting saidcombustion-chainber with a fluespace above it, a water-chambersurrounding said combustion-chamber on its sides and top, a water-outletto said chamber located over the center of said combustion-chamber, aseries of tubes integral with said combustionchamber connecting thewater-chamberabout said combustion-chamber with said central opening andpassing through said combustion-chamber, whereby their contents areheated by exposure upon all sides to the products of combustion, as setforth.

2. In a heater of the character specified, the combination of the lowersection A con taining a fire-pot, a combustion-chamber and awater-heating chamber, a central or intermediate flue-chamber above orbeyond the first-named section, passages connecting thecombustion-chamber therewith, a [lat waterheater D contained in saidflue and connected with the water-heating space or chamber of thelowcrsection and an upper Water'heating section having an annular fluelocated therein provided with a water-passage through its center, saidtine being connected at one end with an intermediate flue-space and atthe other end with an outlet, said Water-heating section being connectedwith an intermediate water-heater and also having a suitable outlet,whereby said annular fiue is entirely surrounded by water.

3. In a heaterof the character specified, the water-heating section Ehaving within it an annular flue adapted to be surrounded by thecontents of the chamber, having at one end an inlet through the bottomof the chamber and at the other end an outlet, the said section alsohaving a water-inlet and an outlet whereby the water in saidwater-section is enabled to take heat from all sides of an annular bodyof the products of combustion, as set forth.

4. In a heater of the character specified, the combination of thesection A havinga fire-pot, a combustion-chamber, a water-heatingchamber and passages from the combustion-chamber which are variable asto capacity so as to cause the products of combustion to passmoreheavily at one side than at the other, an intermediate flue-chamber,a water-heating shell contained therein connected with the water-chamberof the first section and a third water-heating section having acircular, horizontally-arranged flue of large area therein provided atone end with an opening through the bottom of the chamber to theintermediate flue-chamber and at the side of said chamber opposite thatthrough which the other portion of the products of combustion enter it,the said circular flue having at its other end an outlet and the saidlast-named water-chamber being connected with the intermediatewater-chamber and having an outlet.

XVERTER C. HIGGINS. Vitnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, J. M. DOLAN.

